Apple: The IBM of the Digital Music Player Market

by Chris Seibold Jan 19, 2005

I suppose it is too early too call the iPod Shuffle a monster hit. Still the signs of yet another smashing success in the musical arena are there, you have the rapid sell out of two thousand iPod Shuffles at the San Francisco Apple Store coupled with waiting times ranging from two weeks to a solid month if you order one online. Actually these are probably not the best signs of success for the diminutive Shuffle. San Francisco had about as many Apple loyalists running through the streets on the day of the Shuffle’s release as a hound dog has ticks in mid-July. The wait to get your hands on a Shuffle isn’t all that telling either because, honestly, Apple is not known for actually being able to supply products in a timely manner if they actually excite people (I note iPod socks feature same day shipping). So it may be premature to call the Shuffle a major player.

On the other hand I’m willing to go out on a limb and say that I think the Shuffle will be a   fairly huge success. There are plenty of reasons to think the gum pack sized musical repository will generate huge demand. Pick up a shuffle and you’ve got a decently sized flash drive that also plays music, sure it costs a little more than the cheaper flash drives but they don’t play music. Wouldn’t it be groovy to carry your files home from work and listen to your tunes using the same device? Well it’s never a happy occasion when you have to work on your own time but perhaps listening to sixty of your favorite songs will mitigate the unpleasantness. On the other hand you can do that with a plethora of music players so perhaps there is something more alluring than just the tiny size and utility of the Shuffle. Most people will argue that that something is two fold. First it is a really low priced iPod. The second, and probably most appealing thing about the Shuffle is that it works with iTunes. Wow when you think about the Shuffle you realize you get it all for decidedly non-Apple prices: utility, iPod coolness, ease of use, and iTunes integration. All these features add up to an impressive combination. Those are the obvious reasons to predict success but the real reason the Shuffle will make like Bruce Banner and turn into a monster is simply because it is from Apple.

Not everyone agree with my assessment. A fact which comes as no surprise, with the exception of the universal loathing of Spam there is probably not a single all pervasive opinion. With any product from Apple you can always find rabid, frothy opinion that whatever Apple introduced was overpriced and substandard on a variety of message boards. With the Shuffle (and more generally the iPod) you don’t have to hit the message boards. Instead of hitting the sixth grade locker room (and isn’t that what nearly every message board resembles after about a week? All argumentation is gone and people just snipe about each other’s sexual orientation,) all you have to do is wait for the CEO’s of major companies to weigh in.

First let us begin with the CEO of Creative Mr. Sim Wong Hoo. When discussing the Shuffle Mr. Hoo opined:

“Actually, to me it’s a big let-down: we’re expecting a good fight but they’re coming out with something that’s five generations older. It’s our first generation MuVo One product feature, without display, just have a (shuffle feature). We had that—that’s a four-year-old product. So I think the whole industry will just laugh at it, because the flash people—it’s worse than the cheapest Chinese player. Even the cheap, cheap Chinese brand today has display and has FM. They don’t have this kind of thing, and they expect to come out with a fight; I think it’s a non-starter to begin with.”

That’s corporate speak, allow me to translate:
“I can’t believe Apple is going to kick our assets with this!”

Mr. Hoo knows that the Shuffle is going to take serious market from Creative’s flash player offerings but he is befuddled as to why. Actually I share Mr. Hoo’s bewilderment, I’m sure that his point is accurate, that the Shuffle does in fact compare poorly on paper to Creative’s players. It’s a familiar feeling to Mac users throughout the years. I felt it when Windows 3 came out and everybody rushed to buy it. “Why,” thought I “Would people go crazy nutso over something so clearly inferior to the Mac?” On paper it made little objective sense but since consumers pay with the only paper that matters (the green stuff) point-by-point comparisons really don’t count for much. Honestly, even if Creative’s players were iTunes compatible they would still be trounced by comparable iPods. And it’s more than just the iTunes store, iPods still reign supreme in countries without an iTunes music store.

Of course Mr. Hoo knows the digital music player market so I take his comments a little more seriously than other corporate types who clearly don’t understand what drives folks to buy aforementioned wonders of miniaturization. I was left shaking my head when Dell CEO Kevin Rollins produced the following nugget of wisdom:

“‘It’s interesting the iPod has been out for three years and it’s only this past year it’s become a raging success. Well those things that become fads rage and then they drop off. When I was growing up there was a product made by Sony called the Sony Walkman - a rage, everyone had to have one, well you don’t hear about the Walkman anymore. I believe that one product wonders come and go. You have to have sustainable business models, sustainable strategy.”

First off the iPod is not just a recent success. The iPod has been successful from day one. Secondly the iPod is not a fad (nor was the Walkman). A fad is Pauly Shore, a fad is Pogs, a fad is Beanie Babies. Unless people suddenly stop buying music online and stop listening to music outside of their house the iPod is much more than a fad. I’m not going to say that the iPod will always be the superlative digital music player on the planet but it has defined an entirely new modality of buying and playing music. I have to ask Mr. Rollins: Just what are you saying? Oh wait, I forgot Mr. Rollins is using corporate speak. Let me run his comments through a translator. The result:

“Jiminy Christmas, where am I gonna dump all these Dell DJs?”

Yet another case of an executive completely stymied as to the reasons behind Apple success. He’d rather blame fickle faddism than the failure of his company to produce a viable competitor to the iPod. I empathize, I would rather think that writers pulling in long green were just luckier instead of flat out better than me but, obviously, that is not the case.

So what is the reason behind the Shuffle’s impending success and the iPod’s continued to success? It is not a simple matter of comparing specs, or a masterstroke of marketing. Instead it is the success is owed to Apple’s long hard slog in the desktop computer world. Consumers would see Apple’s nifty PowerBooks, excellent desktop designs and they would be attracted to them. Yet they found the price of admission was steep and carried with it the seemingly daunting task of learning a new way of computing. Sure folks would hear year after year about the Mac’s ease of use and increasing compatibility but it was never quite enough to push them over the edge. When music players first arrived (and remember the iPod was not first to market) people had misgivings. The new devices might not work very easily, the players might not sound very good, and the things might not catch on. When Apple entered the digital music player market it legitimized the market. Apple was a company people felt they could trust and a company with a market presence that guaranteed the iPod would remain relevant for some time. While it may sound like a remarkable achievement this is not an unusual occurrence, followers of technology have seen this exact scenario play out time and time again. The most memorable example of consumers behaving in exactly this manner occurred way back in 1981 when IBM entered the personal computer market. Those with long memories remember the intro of the IBM PC and remember how everyone suddenly thought “Hey, these computer things must be catching on if a real company is making them.” For a time after that IBM owned the market. Likewise I suspect Apple will own the digital music player market for quite some time.

Comments

  • What a terrific article !

    You clearly point out the way Apple’s becoming a major enterprise in today’s IT.

    Jonathan Gall had this to say on Jan 23, 2005 Posts: 1
  • Good article Hadley.

    I have my own additional theory on the success of the iPod.

    The early buyers were people who already knew Apple and probably owned Apple computers.  Coincidentally, these people were also very popular - eg Rock stars and movie stars.

    Importantly, they were seen in public with them. Something the Macs didn’t have the advantage of.

    This made the iPod trendy.

    Secondly, the iPods were affordable to those with reasonable disposable income (again something the Macs struggled with when it counted most, in the 80’s).  So people bought them because iPods were trendy, and they could afford them despite their price.

    Now along comes the Shuffle.  Now I, with little disposable income, can justify an iPod.  iPods for the masses.

    With the everyone having an iPod though, will they loose their coolness?

    Maybe.  But there’ll be too many of them out there by then to stop the juggernaut for many years. And also, Apple will always have the high end iPods for those with plenty of money.

    The biggest threat to the iPod is the same as it was to the Walkman.  Technology shift in portable music.  The Discman was never as iconic as the Walkman. (Interestingly people still even call Discmans and other portable CD players, Walkmans - not a bad “fad” Mr Rollins…)

    Maybe the next technology shift will involve mobile phones - which makes Apple’s deal with Motorola very smart.

    But maybe it’s something no one’s thought of yet.  Maybe it’s something on the drawing board at Apple.

    Now that wouldn’t surprise me.

    Chris Howard had this to say on Jan 23, 2005 Posts: 1209
  • PS Oops sorry! Given credit the wrong way!  Good article CHRIS!

    Chris Howard had this to say on Jan 23, 2005 Posts: 1209
  • Actually, beyond the Apple faithful who will always buy things Apple, I think the real success of the iPod can be attributed to the iTunes music store.  Jobs brought out the ITMS just at the time that people were thirsting for downloading music, and created a legal way to do so.  Apple applied its “keep it stylish and simple” expertise, and assured you needed to purchase an iPod to take advantage of this service.

    Initially, Apple tested the waters with the Mac masses, then opened the floodgates with Windows users.  But, in every case, to take advantage of the ITMS, you HAD to purchase an iPod.  I don’t think this was accidental because selling music was a loss-leader for the iPod sales, and I don’t think other industry media moguls are at all befuddled as to why the iPod success followed.  They just wish they could have done it first.

    They simply didn’t have the contacts, resources, or drive of a Steve Jobs to create an industry-sanctioned store of their own.  Instead they tried to play on the cheap, by dumping hardware on the market that was arguably more featured than the iPod, then bemoaned why the lessor iPod was outselling them.

    Some in the industry misread the event from the other side of the coin, and tried to create their own music stores, but again on the cheap.  Even Apple didn’t make any money on its ITMS until this last quarter, and it’s taken 250 million downloads to get to this point.  Lessor efforts were doomed to fail, if they couldn’t make any money selling their service.

    So, the phenomena that Apple has capitalized on was the desire to download music in a legal way.    The ITMS provided that service and forced users to buy an iPod to take advantage of it.  Apple’s reputation for style and quality encouraged non-Mac people to buy-in, but it’s the music they wanted, not the iPod.  The iPod was the price of admission.  Then the coolness factor set in, and the iPod became the device to have, even though it doesn’t work with other online music download services.

    So, the ITMS became the trojan horse for the iPod, which was the real money maker.  The income from the iPod sales allowed Apple to keep expanding the service.

    I was pleased to hear that Apple has finally realized some profits from the direct sales at the ITMS.  However, if Apple ever permits other hardware companies to license its DRM AAC technology to use on their MP3 players, the iPod will then have to compete directly on its own.  And, as many other have posited, other than the cleanness of its looks, the underlying electronics is not that special.

    So, I don’t think there’s any mystery here.  Apple created the ITMS to sell music legally, but needed a way to make money doing it.  By embedding DRM technology into its music player, it forced users of its service to purchase an iPod, hence a cash flow into Apple.  Others have failed because music industry licensing fees have been too high for them to offer music at an ITMS-competitive price.  Other music players have been unsuccessful because the online music stores have routinely failed, so they have few sources to buy their music online legally.  This forces their users to either download music illegally, or convert other media into a format their player accepts and upload it.  That’s a cheap solution for those users, but a tedious one.  The ITMS solution is attractive, easy to use, and inexpensive, ONCE you get your hands on an iPod.

    Dave Marsh had this to say on Jan 24, 2005 Posts: 44
  • Very good points Dave.

    It does proffer the question though on how can Apple protect their market from all the rest who are more and more getting behind Microsoft?

    IT history is littered with the eventual failure (or at best miniscule marketshare) of products that either initially dominated or established their market… Lotus 123, Word Perfect, dBase, IBM PC, Turbo Pascal, Novell Netware, Mac OS, Netscape.

    And all those examples you can substitute MS products, except the IBM PC, but MS were still the cause - when was the last time you heard someone ask if a PC was “IBM compatible”?  The call them Windows PCs nowadays.

    The PDA market is swinging MS’s way too. And they’ve made good inroads into PlayStation’s market.

    MS are possibly one of the most ruthless and determined corporations ever and will stop at nothing to dominate a market.

    How long before iPod and iTMS are bit players?  2, 5, 10 years? MS will fight that long if they have to. Remember, it took them 11 years to get an OS to knock off Mac OS. and they’ve been fighting the PDA market for 8 or 9 years.

    What is Apple’s best hope of survival?

    Chris Howard had this to say on Jan 25, 2005 Posts: 1209
  • I believe just as the ITMS was the trojan horse for the iPod cash cow, that the iPod is rapidly becoming the cash cow for Apple’s current viability.  It is concurrently providing a path for encouraging users to try out the MacOS as a viable alternative to Windows.  Hence the Mac mini is now set to take up the trojan horse mantel for higher-end more mainstream Macs in the future.

    For years, there has not been a reasonably priced (vis-a-vis concurrent industry PC prices) means for ordinary users to try out the Mac environment.  If Apple is to survive as a computer company, it will be because its OS gives users an experience that they become comfortable with and can rely on…stability, interface goodies, availability of good software to do what they want to (word processing, mail, web browsing, games, audio/video editing, control of audio/video media on TVs, etc.), security from malware, etc.  While 2-3% of the market has grown used to these strengths (less gaming, of course, but with more Mac users comes more interest in creating good games for the Mac), it has been by paying a premium over the commodity PC market.  The Mac mini stands posed to open this door to the Windows masses.

    For computer agnostic people whose professional life isn’t dependent on the Wintel way, the Mac mini stands an excellent chance.  Apple just needed a way to get their attention.

    You’re likely correct that Apple’s ITMS/iPod success won’t continue indefinitely.  Microsoft has already approached Sony to partner to break Apple’s current monopoly-like lead.  With Microsoft’s $50B cash bundle, anything’s possible.  Unfortunately, in that deal only Sony would appear to have anything to gain, from license fees on its media inventory, to building hardware to play it.  Perhaps Microsoft merely wants to bankroll Sony’s effort and provide software development to bind it to Windows, and kill off the Apple headstart.  I guess we’ll see.

    Apple long-term survival depends on its continued innovation, and jumping out ahead when it sees an opening.  I truly fear for Apple when Jobs no longer leads the company.

    Dave Marsh had this to say on Jan 27, 2005 Posts: 44
  • EXCELLENT Article! The translated computerspeak had me in stitches.

    IMHO the iPod is a success cos it is simple, unique and iconic - like sliced bread.

    The iTMS is a productive medium but depressingly slow to realize true worldwide coverage and to become what it could, and should be. A veritable universal music database where users in e.g. China can explore and buy tracks from the UK store and vice versa. If Apple manages to cut through the quagmire of proprietary rights, labels’ jurisdictions and tax laws and make it work globally where music lovers can have free and legal access to artists in other places they would have never known about, they’d truly have something big and worthwhile on their hands.

    ginalee had this to say on Jan 27, 2005 Posts: 9
  • I wasn’t sure if you were being deliberately facetious in calling the Creative CEO “Mr. Hoo”, so I’ll just point out this error in case you weren’t. Mr Sim Wong Hoo’s surname is Sim, so he’s Mr Sim. “Wong Hoo” is his Chinese given name. As with most Asian names, his family name is given first.

    Joel Pan had this to say on Mar 07, 2005 Posts: 1
  • uh, yeah, I was doing that on purpose.
    Actually I wasn’t, thanks for the correction Joel.

    chrisseibold had this to say on Mar 14, 2005 Posts: 48
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